Natural disasters in India, many of which are linked to the country’s climate, result in great loss of life and property. Droughts, flash floods, cyclones, avalanches, landslides caused by torrential rainfall, and snowstorms are the most dangerous weather conditions. Earthquakes, floods, volcanic eruptions, landslides, storms, and other natural disasters are examples of natural disasters.
To be reviewed as a disaster, it must have an important influence on environmental factors and/or cause human loss, in addition to causing financial harm. On a daily basis,
dust storms, which are common in the summer, wreak havoc on a substantial amount of property and cause damage in North India. Hail too wreaks havoc on standing crops like rice, wheat, and a variety of other crops in different regions.
Since the planet’s formation 4.5 billion years ago, the climate has altered profoundly several times. Changes in the orientation of continents and seas, shifts in the intensity of the sun, and fluctuations in Earth’s orbit, and volcanic eruptions have all driven these changes.
Climate change has been induced in the past by natural fluctuations in greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, the emergence of life, and meteorite strikes. For example, a few million years ago, the global average temperature was a few degrees higher than it is today, and warm, tropical seas surpassed all expectations of the equator, resulting in quite different ocean and patterns of environmental circulation than they are today.
Earth’s average global temperature has increased and decreased by around 5 degrees celsius in cycles over the past million years, roughly every 100,000 years or so . Because more water was trapped up on land in polar ice sheets during the receding ice age’s coldest stage, some 20,000 years ago, the sea level was at least 120 meters lower than it is now. The warmer end of this temperature its range is varied, and has been largely consistent for the last 8,000 years, which encompasses most of known human history. Agriculture, agreements on an ongoing basis, and population development were all made possible by this stability.
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The majority of the previous modifications in global temperature happened slowly, over thousands or millions of years. There is evidence, that some rapid shifts happened, at least at regional sizes. Temperatures in the North Atlantic region, for example, varied by 5°C or moreover a few decades during the last ice age, perhaps due to rapid collapses of Northern Hemisphere ice sheets or changes in ocean currents.
India wants complete restitution for the losses incurred by climate catastrophes, according to its environment ministry, which also expressed its feelings and views on key topics to be discussed at the UN COP26 climate meeting in the coming weeks.
On Friday, Rameshwar Prasad Gupta, the ministry’s oldest official, said, “Our question is this: There should be recompense for expenditures spent, and it should be borne by advanced countries.” In that regard, he noted India in addition to other low-income and developing countries.
The annual COP summit, which is considered a delay get-together fend off the growing consequences of climate change, will be held in Glasgow, Scotland. According to Gupta, monetary recompense for climate catastrophes is estimated to be a big stumbling block in the discussions, and India has already discussed the problem with US climate envoy John Kerry. The mass of greenhouse gases that cause the world to warm above pre-industrial levels has been added by rich countries.
Historical burden:
The 2015 Paris climate accord includes language to address “loss and damage,” but it did not address problems of culpability along with rewards. Although discussions began in 2013 at a previous meeting in Warsaw, the technical intricacies of how such remittances are sent haven’t yet be ironed out.
The general consensus is that countries will cooperate to address challenges., and will compensate for the damage that pollution will cause in the future based on contributions in the past to global greenhouse gas emissions. Countries that have been damaged by climate change may be entitled to a full refund for damages sustained as a result of result of a storm or flood induced by climate change.
However, not all disasters are caused by climate change, and scientists have only the difficult task of assessing how much a warmer planet contributed to a severe climatic catastrophe has just begun.
India is now the world’s third-largest annual emitter and is in the top 10 historical emitters, implying that it must pay funds to the pool. Although India received a 4 percent payment for losses, Gupta believes the country will earn a larger payout for the losses it will cause. “We could be willing to participate if they want India too,” he continued.
Not zero:
The country is the only one of the world’s ten major economies that has not established a target for reducing emissions. China, too, will have one by 2060, a decade later than the United States, the United Kingdom, and the European Union’s 2050 goal. India explored establishing a zero-zero aim earlier this year but decided against it. According to Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav, until Glasgow, all nations were not required to declare a net-zero goal.
Another item likely to be discussed at the summit is from 2020 onwards, developed countries should give $ 100 billion in climate money to underdeveloped countries. The funds would be used to fund programs that lower emissions and assist countries in adapting to climate change. The most recent estimate is approximately $ 90 billion, the Glasgow meeting approaches, prospects for complete participation are fading.
The Indian delegation intends to maintain its reputation for reliability, as it has in previous COP conferences. The CO2 emissions by the country on annual basis emissions per capita are under two tonnes, compared to more than 16 tonnes in the US and less than half of the international requirement. Inhabitant.
India has ammunition to continue using coal, it has ample of the only fossil fuel it possesses. It will be a dilemma for the host country, the United Kingdom, as COP26 President Alok Sharma has stated that the Glasgow talks may “move coal to history.”
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has stated that he, along with 120 other heads of the government, will attend the COP26 meeting. The conference will take place between October 31 and November 12.
Edited by Anupama Roy
